SHA3-512

SHA3-512 online hash function

The Secure Hash Algorithms are a family of cryptographic hash functions published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as a U.S. Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS), including:

The corresponding standards are FIPS PUB 180 (original SHA), FIPS PUB 180-1 (SHA-1), FIPS PUB 180-2 (SHA-1, SHA-256, SHA-384, and SHA-512). NIST has updated Draft FIPS Publication 202, SHA-3 Standard separate from the Secure Hash Standard (SHS).

Comparison of SHA functions

In the table below, internal state means the "internal hash sum" after each compression of a data block.

Further information: Merkle–Damgård construction
Comparison of SHA functions
Algorithm and variant Output size
(bits) 		Internal state size
(bits) 		Block size
(bits) 		Rounds Operations Security against collision attacks
(bits) 		Security against length extension attacks
(bits) 		Performance on Skylake (median cpb) First published
Long messages 8 bytes
MD5 (as reference) 128 128
 512 64 And, Xor, Rot, Or ≤ 18
(collisions found)		 0 4.99 55.00 1992
160 160
 512 80 And, Xor, Rot, Or < 34
(collisions found)		 0 ≈ SHA-1 ≈ SHA-1 1993
< 63
(collisions found)		 3.47 52.00 1995
SHA-224
SHA-256		 224
256		 256
 512 64 And, Xor, Rot, Or, Shr 112
128		 32
0		 7.62
7.63		 84.50
85.25		 2004
2001
SHA-384
SHA-512		 384
512		 512
 1024 80 And, Xor, Rot, Or, Shr 192
256
0		 5.12
5.06		 135.75
135.50		 2001

224
256		 112
128		 288
256		 2012
SHA3-224
SHA3-256
SHA3-384
SHA3-512		 224
256
384
512		 1600
 1152
1088
832
576		 And, Xor, Rot, Not 112
128
192
256		 448
512
768
1024		 8.12
8.59
11.06
15.88		 154.25
155.50
164.00
164.00		 2015
SHAKE128
SHAKE256
1344
1088		 min(d/2, 128)
 7.08
8.59		 155.25
155.50

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Validation

Main article: Cryptographic Module Validation Program

All SHA-family algorithms, as FIPS-approved security functions, are subject to official validation by the CMVP (Cryptographic Module Validation Program), a joint program run by the American National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Canadian Communications Security Establishment (CSE).

References

  1. ^ "Measurements table". bench.cr.yp.to.
  2. ^ Tao, Xie; Liu, Fanbao; Feng, Dengguo (2013). Fast Collision Attack on MD5 (PDF). Cryptology ePrint Archive (Technical report). IACR.
  3. ^ Stevens, Marc; Bursztein, Elie; Karpman, Pierre; Albertini, Ange; Markov, Yarik. The first collision for full SHA-1 (PDF) (Technical report). Google Research. Lay summary – Google Security Blog (February 23, 2017).
  4. ^ Without truncation, the full internal state of the hash function is known, regardless of collision resistance. If the output is truncated, the removed part of the state must be searched for and found before the hash function can be resumed, allowing the attack to proceed.
  5. ^ "The Keccak sponge function family". Retrieved .